Ke piʻi nei ka hakakā me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau, akā me he mea lā ke hiki aku nei nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo silicon solar cell i ko lākou palena.ʻO ke ala pololei loa e hana ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia manawa ʻo ia me nā panela solar, akā aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe ke kumu o ka manaʻolana nui o ka ikehu hou.
ʻO kā lākou mea nui, silika, ʻo ia ka lua o ka waiwai nui ma ka Honua ma hope o ka oxygen.No ka mea hiki ke waiho ʻia nā panela ma kahi e pono ai ka mana – ma nā hale, nā hale hana, nā hale kalepa, nā moku, nā kaʻa alanui – ʻaʻole pono e hoʻouna i ka mana ma nā ʻāina;a ʻo ka hana nui ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā panela solar i kēia manawa ke lilo nei ka waiwai o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.
Wahi a ka International Energy Agency's 2020 energy outlook hōʻike, ʻo nā panela solar ma kekahi mau wahi ke hana nei i ka uila kalepa ʻoi loa ma ka mōʻaukala.
ʻO kēlā bea kuʻuna kuʻuna "pehea ka wā pōʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha?"ke emi nei ka pilikia ma muli o nā holomua hoʻololi i ka ʻenehana mālama.
Ke neʻe nei ma waho o nā palena o ka lā
Inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei i kahi "akā", eia kēia: akā ke hiki aku nei nā panela lā silika i nā palena kūpono o ko lākou pono ma muli o kekahi mau kānāwai kūpono ʻole o ka physics.He 20 pakeneka wale no ka pono o na keena solar kilikaka kalepa (aole nae he 28 pakeneka o na kaiapuni keena hana. He 30 pakeneka ko lakou palena kupono, no ka mea hiki ia lakou ke hoololi i kahi hapakolu o ka ikehu i loaa i ka La i uila).
Eia nō naʻe, e hoʻohua pinepine ka pā o ka lā i ka ikehu hoʻokuʻu ʻole i kona ola ma mua o ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i kāna hana ʻana.
he kinikini / perovskite solar cell
Perovskite: ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā mea hou
E like me ke kilika, he photoactive kēia mea crystalline, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e paʻi ʻia ai e ka mālamalama, e hauʻoli nui nā electrons i loko o kona hale e haʻalele i kā lākou mau ʻātoma (ʻo kēia hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā electrons ke kumu o ka hana uila a pau, mai nā pā a hiki i nā mea kanu nuklea) .Ma muli o ka mana o ka uila, he laina conga o nā electrons, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai nā electrons loose mai ke silicon a i ʻole perovskite i kahi uea, ʻo ka uila ka hopena.
ʻO Perovskite kahi hui maʻalahi o nā wai paʻakai i hoʻomehana ʻia ma waena o 100 a 200 degere e hoʻokumu i kāna mau waiwai photoactive.
E like me ka ʻīnika, hiki ke paʻi ʻia ma luna o nā ʻili, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano ʻaʻole i paʻi ʻia ke silika paʻa.Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ma ka mānoanoa a hiki i ka 500 mau manawa i emi iho ma mua o ke silika, ʻoi aku ka māmā a hiki ke semi-transparent.ʻO ia ke ʻano hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano mea āpau e like me nā kelepona a me nā puka makani.ʻO ka hauʻoli maoli nō naʻe, e pili ana i ka mana o ka ikehu o perovskite.
Ke lanakila ʻana i ka paʻakikī nui o ka perovskite - ka pōʻino
ʻO nā polokalamu perovskite mua i ka makahiki 2009 i hoʻololi i ka 3.8 pakeneka o ka lā i uila.I ka makahiki 2020, ʻo 25.5 pakeneka ka maikaʻi, kokoke i ka mooolelo lab silicon o 27.6 pakeneka.Aia kekahi manaʻo e hiki koke ana kāna hana i ka 30 pakeneka.
Inā ʻoe e manaʻo nei i kahi 'akā' e pili ana i ka perovskite, pono, aia kekahi mau kāne.ʻO kahi ʻāpana o ka perovskite crystalline lattice he kepau.He liʻiliʻi ka nui, akā ʻo ka mea ʻona o ke kēpau ʻo ia ka mea e noʻonoʻo ai.ʻO ka pilikia maoli, ʻo ka perovskite i pale ʻole ʻia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa maʻalahi ma o ka wela, ka wai a me ka haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole like me nā panela silika i kūʻai mau ʻia me nā hōʻoia no 25 mau makahiki.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka silikoni ma ka hana ʻana i nā nalu māmā haʻahaʻa, a hana maikaʻi ka perovskite me nā kukui ʻike ʻia.Hiki ke hoʻokani ʻia ka Perovskite no ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā nalu nalu like ʻole - ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, uliuli.Me ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana o ke silikoni a me ka perovskite, ʻo ia ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia kelepona e hoʻohuli hou i ka spectrum māmā i ikehu.
He mea kupaianaha nā helu: hiki i kahi papa hoʻokahi ke 33 pakeneka maikaʻi;e hoʻopaʻa i ʻelua mau keena, he 45 pakeneka;ʻekolu papa e hāʻawi i ka 51 pākēneka pono.ʻO kēia mau ʻano kiʻi, inā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ke kālepa, e hoʻololi i ka ikehu hou.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-12-2021